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| Registros recuperados: 35 | |
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| Gandelman, Nestor. |
| In a multi community environment local authorities compete for tax base. When monitoring is imperfect, agents may decide not to pay in their community (evasion), and save the tax difference. The agent decision on where to pay taxes is based on the probability of getting caught, the fine he eventually will have to pay and the time cost of paying in a neighbor community. First, we prove that if the focus of the agents’ decision is the probability of getting caught and the fine, only the richest people evade. If instead, the key ingredient is the time cost of evading, only the poorest cheat. Second, we test the evasion pattern on the Automobile Registration System in Uruguay using two stochastic dominance tests. The evidence favors in this case the hypothesis... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Tax evasion; Stochastic dominance; H26; H77; C52. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37120 |
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| Fleming, Euan M.; Blowes, Anita. |
| Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Fiji from 1960 to 1999. A country with reasonably abundant resources, Fiji has made effective use of its quite substantial resources to increase total export values significantly over the study period, with an average rate of growth of 2.6 per cent per annum. Non-agricultural exports were the source of this growth, increasing annually by 7.3 per cent. Growth was particularly strong from the late 1980s despite the loss of skills and capital flight in the wake of the May 1987 coup and military takeover. The economy clearly benefited from a policy switch from a trade protectionist policy with a high degree of government intervention to an export-oriented strategy based on private... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Fiji; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12930 |
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| Fleming, Euan M.; Blowes, Anita. |
| Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Papua New Guinea from 1960 to 1999. A country with abundant natural resources, Papua New Guinea was able to experience significant growth in total export values throughout the final four decades of the 20th century, with each succeeding decade stochastically dominating the previous one. The expansion of mineral and energy exports from the early 1970s was the major source of this growth. The powerful influence of an expanding minerals and energy sector must nevertheless be of concern in that this sector and other non-agricultural resource sectors comprise mainly extractive or quasi-extractive industries given the production practices that currently exist. Little progress has been made... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Papua New Guinea; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12927 |
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| Fleming, Euan M.; Blowes, Anita. |
| Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Melanesian countries of similar size and structure that are comparatively well endowed with natural resources: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Total export values increased over the study period in Solomon Islands, brought about by a significant increase in the value of non-agricultural resource exports. Agricultural exports showed small increases but the average annual rate of growth was only 1.3 per cent for agricultural export values compared with 10.7 per cent in non-agricultural export values. The record of commodity export performance in Vanuatu over the study period was less impressive, with a small average annual decline in total export values. This decline was caused by... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Stochastic dominance; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12937 |
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| Fleming, Euan M.; Blowes, Anita. |
| Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Polynesian countries of similar size and structure that are both marginally endowed with natural resources: Samoa and Tonga. In general, total and agricultural export values declined over the study period in both countries, brought about by a significant decline in the value of agricultural exports while non- agricultural exports showed small increases. The one exception to this trend was in Tonga during the 1990s when squash exports brought about a revival in agricultural export values. Results suggest that these countries are likely to struggle to achieve sustainable economic development, given their limited natural resource endowments. The fisheries sector holds the key to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Stochastic dominance; Samoa; Tonga; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12942 |
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| Fleming, Euan M.; Blowes, Anita. |
| Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in four South Pacific island countries with very limited natural resources: Cook Islands; Kiribati; Niue; and Tuvalu. Total export values declined significantly over the study period in all four countries, brought about by a significant decline in the value of agricultural exports while non-agricultural exports showed only small increases. Results seem to confirm the view that these countries have insufficient natural resource endowments for sustainable economic development without outside support. The fisheries sector holds the key to whether the economies under study (bar Niue) can transform themselves into productive ones by exploiting further the fishery resources within their EEZs... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Cook Islands; Kiribati; Niue; Stochastic dominance; Tuvalu; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12948 |
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| Wagner, Joachim. |
| This paper presents the first empirical test with German establishment level data of a hypothesis derived by Helpman, Melitz and Yeaple in a model that explains the decision of heterogeneous firms to serve foreign markets either trough exports or foreign direct investment: only the more productive firms choose to serve the foreign markets, and the most productive among this group will further choose to serve these markets via foreign direct investments. Using a non-parametric test for first order stochastic dominance it is shown that, in line with this hypothesis, the productivity distribution of foreign direct investors dominates that of exporters, which in turn dominates that of national market suppliers. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Exports; Foreign direct investment; Productivity; Heterogeneous firms; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade; F14; F23; D21. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26205 |
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| Registros recuperados: 35 | |
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